[AIX] VG 확장 (VG extend)

LVM/VG2024. 8. 1. 08:07
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• Written by Jung Byung Wook
 

 

0. 목차

  • VG(Volume Group) 확장의 목적
  • VG 용량 확인하기
  • extendvg 명령어로 VG 확장
  • smity extendvg 명령어로 VG 확장

1. VG 확장의 목적

  • 설명 : VG 내에 있는 파일시스템 혹은 LV를 확장하려고 할때,  확장할 만큼의 용량이 VG에 남아있지 않을 때.

2. VG 용량 확인하기

  • 설명 : LV를 확장하려고 하나,  VG에 남아있는 용량(FREE PPs)가 없는지 확인.
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[root@aix-jbw /]# lsvg datavg
VOLUME GROUP:       datavg                   VG IDENTIFIER:  00f6ce6700004c000000017edc85efa5
VG STATE:           active            (1)    PP SIZE:        512 megabyte(s)
VG PERMISSION:      read/write        (2)   TOTAL PPs:      558 (285696 megabytes)
MAX LVs:            256               (3)  FREE PPs:       405 (207360 megabytes)
LVs:                12                (4)    USED PPs:       153 (78336 megabytes)
OPEN LVs:           11                       QUORUM:         2 (Enabled)
TOTAL PVs:          1       (5)              VG DESCRIPTORS: 2
STALE PVs:          0                        STALE PPs:      0
ACTIVE PVs:         1                        AUTO ON:        yes
MAX PPs per VG:     32512
MAX PPs per PV:     1016                     MAX PVs:        32
LTG size (Dynamic): 1024 kilobyte(s)         AUTO SYNC:      no
HOT SPARE:          no                       BB POLICY:      relocatable
PV RESTRICTION:     none                     INFINITE RETRY: no
DISK BLOCK SIZE:    512                      CRITICAL VG:    no
FS SYNC OPTION:     no                       CRITICAL PVs:   no
 cs
 

 

3. extendvg 명령어로 VG 확장하기

  • 설명 :  어떠한 VG에도 속해있지 않는 PV(hdisk)를 확장하고자하는 VG에 추가하는 작업.

 

1) lspv 명령어로 VG 맴버로 추가시킬 hdisk 확인

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[root@aix-jbw /]#lspv
hdisk0          00f6ce670ddb46db                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          00f6afe6fedb67ce                    datavg          active
hdisk3          00f6afe69d934ccd                    datavg          active
hdisk4          00f6afe69d936352                    datavg          active
hdisk5          00f6afe69d9372dd                    datavg          active
hdisk6          None             
hdisk7          None             
 
 jbw

 

2) extendvg 수행

  • 설명 :  hdisk6 hdisk7을 "datavg"에 추가 시킨다.
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[root@aix-jbw /]# extendvg datavg hdisk6 hdisk7
 jbw

 

3) extendvg 확인

  • 설명 :  hdisk6, hdisk7에 PVID가 생성되었고, datavg에 포함이 되었다.
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[root@aix-jbw /]# extendvg datavg hdisk6 hdisk7
hdisk0          00f6ce670ddb46db                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          00f6afe6fedb67ce                    datavg          active
hdisk3          00f6afe69d934ccd                    datavg          active
hdisk4          00f6afe69d936352                    datavg          active
hdisk5          00f6afe69d9372dd                    datavg          active
hdisk6          00f6afe69e4842ab                    datavg          active             
hdisk7          00f6afe69e4842de                    datavg          active             
 jbw

 

4) lsvg -p datavg 명령어로 확인

  • 설명 :  hdisk6, hdisk7가 datavg에 추가되었고, hdisk6, hdisk7은 Free한 상태.
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[root@aix-jbw /]# lsvg -p datavg
datavg:
PV_NAME           PV STATE          TOTAL PPs   FREE PPs    FREE DISTRIBUTION
hdisk3            active            1262        0           00..00..00..00..00
hdisk4            active            1262        0           00..00..00..00..00
hdisk5            active            1262        0           00..00..00..00..00
hdisk6            active            1262        1262        00..00..00..00..00
hdisk7            active            1262        1262        00..00..00..00..00
 jbw

4. smitty extendvg 명령어로 VG 확장하기

   • VOLUME GROUP name  :  확장하고자하는 VG 이름    

   • PHYSICAL VOLUME names  :  확장하고자하는 VG 이름

 

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[root@aix-jbw /]# smitty extendvg
                  
                    Add a Physical Volume to a Volume Group
 
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
 
                                                        [Entry Fields]
  Force the creation of a volume group?               no                                +
* VOLUME GROUP name                                  [datavg]                           +
* PHYSICAL VOLUME names                              [hdisk6 hdisk7]                    +
 jbw

 

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[AIX] VG(Volume Group)에 남아있는 용량 확인하기

LVM/VG2024. 7. 31. 21:48
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• Written by Jung Byung Wook
 

 

0. 목차

  • VG(Volume Group)에 남아있는 용량 확인하기

1. VG(Volume Group) 남아있는 용량 확인하기.

  •  VG에 남아있는 용량(FREE PPs)가 없으면, 파일시스템 확장 혹은 생성을 위해 extendvg를 통한 용량 확보 필요.
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[root@aix-jbw /]# lsvg datavg
VOLUME GROUP:       datavg                   VG IDENTIFIER:  00f6ce6700004c000000017edc85efa5
VG STATE:           active            (1)    PP SIZE:        512 megabyte(s)
VG PERMISSION:      read/write        (2)   TOTAL PPs:      558 (285696 megabytes)
MAX LVs:            256               (3)   FREE PPs:       405 (207360 megabytes)
LVs:                12                (4)    USED PPs:       153 (78336 megabytes)
OPEN LVs:           11                       QUORUM:         2 (Enabled)
TOTAL PVs:          1       (5)              VG DESCRIPTORS: 2
STALE PVs:          0                        STALE PPs:      0
ACTIVE PVs:         1                        AUTO ON:        yes
MAX PPs per VG:     32512
MAX PPs per PV:     1016                     MAX PVs:        32
LTG size (Dynamic): 1024 kilobyte(s)         AUTO SYNC:      no
HOT SPARE:          no                       BB POLICY:      relocatable
PV RESTRICTION:     none                     INFINITE RETRY: no
DISK BLOCK SIZE:    512                      CRITICAL VG:    no
FS SYNC OPTION:     no                       CRITICAL PVs:   no
 cs
 

  1) VG에 남은 용량 확인하기

       • 남은 용량(FREE PPs) : 405 PPs = 207360 MB = 202.5 GB (3)

 

  2) VG 구성정보 

       • datavg는 1개 PV(Physical Volume)로 구성되어있음(5)

      • 총 용량(TOTAL PPs) : 285696 MB = 279 GB (2)

      • 남은 용량(FREE PPs) : 207360 MB = 202.5 GB (3)

      • 사용중인 용량(USED PPs) : 78336 MB = 76.5 GB (4)

2. lsvg 명령어에 나오는 각 항목 설명

1) PP Size (Phyiscal Partition)

       • VG 내에 속한 PV(hdisk)를 작은 크기로 나누는 단위.

       • PP Size는 VG를 생성하는 단계에서 정의 됨. [ 생성후, 변경불가 ]

       • PP Size는 일반적으로 128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB를 가장 많이 사용함.

           •  1 MB 부터 128 GB까지 설정 가능

      • PP Size는 성능에도 영향을 미치며, 대용량 PV(hdisk)를 너무 작은 단위로 나눌 경우, LVM에서 직접 접근하는 PP의 수량이 많아지므로 성능저하가 발생할 수 있다.

 

2) TOTAL PVs

       • VG 내에 속한 PV(hdisk)의 개수

  •  

 

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Non-rootvg 백업 및 복구

LVM/VG2021. 3. 8. 10:29
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1. 고려사항

  • rootvg(OS영역)의 백업 및 복구는 mksysb 명령어를 통해, 데이터를 백업 및 복구가 가능하다.
  • 하지만, 일반 볼륨(User-defined VG, 데이터영역)의 백업 및 복구를 위해서는 savevg / restvg를 통해, 백업 및 복구를 할 수 있다.※ 단, JFS 혹은 JFS2 형태의 파일시스템 정보만 백업 / 복구가 가능하다.

      ※ Raw device 형태의 LV(Logical volume)은 백업되지 않는다.

2. savevg tape images

  • mksysb 형태처럼, savevg로 생성된 이미지는 부팅가능한 형태로 만들수 없다.
  • 테입 혹은 파일형태로 저장할 수 있으며, savevg로 생성한 이밎는 백
  • 하지만, 일반 볼륨(User-defined VG, 데이터영역)의 백업 및 복구를 위해서는 savevg / restvg를 통해, 백업 및 복구를 할 수 있다.※ 단, JFS 혹은 JFS2 형태의 파일시스템 정보만 백업 / 복구가 가능하다.

      ※ Raw device 형태의 LV(Logical volume)은 백업되지 않는다.

3. VG 백업

  0) 테스트 환경

 
OSLEVEL : AIX 7.2 TL04 SP02
테스트 목적 : VG BAckup & Restore
테스트 환경
 
*/ Physical Disk information /*
[backup:root] /nim_backup] lspv
hdisk0          00c48b55df91a7eb                    rootvg          active      
hdisk1          00c48b55ecd138f4                    testvg          active  
 
*/ Filesystem information /*
[backup:root] /nim_backup] df -gP
Filesystem    GB blocks      Used Available Capacity Mounted on
/dev/hd4           1.00      0.36      0.64      37% /
/dev/hd2           5.00      3.01      1.99      61% /usr
/dev/hd9var        0.41      0.26      0.15      64% /var
/dev/hd3           1.00      0.00      1.00       1% /tmp
/dev/hd1          10.00      0.23      9.77       3% /home
/proc                 -         -         -       - /proc
/dev/livedump      0.25      0.00      0.25       1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/test_lv       1.00      0.00      1.00       1% /nim_backup      
 
*/ Filesystem 내의 파일 /*
[backup:root] /nim_backup] cd /nim_backup
[backup:root] /nim_backup] ls -lrt
total 8
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system            8 Mar 07 11:35 backup_vg_test
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     system          256 Mar 07 11:45 lost+found
 
*/ Filesystem 내의 backup_vg_test /*
[backup:root] /nim_backup] cat backup_vg_test
save me
 
 
 
  

  1) SMIT : VG 백업

  #smitty savevg

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                                   Back Up a Volume Group to Tape/File or UDFS capable media
 
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
 
                                                        [Entry Fields]
    WARNING:  Execution of the savevg command will
              result in the loss of all material
              previously stored on the selected
              output medium.
 
* Backup DEVICE or FILE                              [/dev/rmt0]      << Backup device 혹은 파일    
* VOLUME GROUP to back up                            [testvg]         << Backup할 VG name      
 List files as they are backed up?                   no
 Generate new vg.data file?                          yes
 Create MAP files?                                   no                                                                        
  Create backup using snapshots?                      no                                                                         
  EXCLUDE files?                                      no                                                                         
  Location of File System Exclusion List             []                                                                          
  EXPAND /tmp if needed?                              no                                                                         
  Disable software packing of backup?                 no                                                                         
  Backup extended attributes?                         yes                                                                        
  Number of BLOCKS to write in a single output       []                                                                          
     (Leave blank to use a system default)
  Verify readability if tape device?                  no                                                                        
 Back up Volume Group information files only?        no                                                                        
 Back up encrypted files?                            yes                                                                       
 Back up DMAPI filesystem files?                     yes               
 
  

 

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Command: OK            stdout: yes           stderr: no
 
Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.
 
 
Creating information file for volume group testvg.
 
Creating list of files to back up.
 
Backing up 9 files
 
9 of 9 files (100%)
0512-038 savevg: Backup Completed Successfully.
  

 

  2) 백업 확인

  #smitty lsbackvg

 
                                                List Files in a Volume Group Backup
 
Type or select values in entry fields.       
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
 
* DEVICE or FILE                                   [/dev/rmt0]                                                             
  Number of BLOCKS to read in a single input       []                                                                      
     (Leave blank to use a system default)
  Verify BLOCK size if tape device?                no                                                               
  

 

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                                                           COMMAND STATUS
 
Command: OK            stdout: yes           stderr: no
 
Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.
 
New volume on /dev/rmt0:
Cluster size is 51200 bytes (100 blocks).
The volume number is 1.
The backup date is: Fri Mar 12 22:00:32 KORST 2021
Files are backed up by name.
The user is root.
          11 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/image.info
         127 ./tmp/vgdata/vgdata.files7602182
         127 ./tmp/vgdata/vgdata.files
        2301 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/filesystems
        2587 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/testvg.data
         358 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/backup.data
           0 ./nim_backup
           8 ./nim_backup/backup_vg_test
           0 ./nim_backup/lost+found
The total size is 5519 bytes.
The number of archived files is 9.                                                        
 cs

4. 복구

  • 복구 테스트를 위해, /nim_backup/backup_vg_test 파일 삭제.
  • 기존 testvg 내의 filesystem umount / varyoffvg / exportvg를 수행해준다.
  • 복구가 완료되면, 해당 VG는 자동 varyon / mount까지 자동으로 수행된다.

 

  1) 백업 복구

  #smitty restvg

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                                                       Remake a Volume Group
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
                                                        [Entry Fields]
* Restore DEVICE or FILE                             [/dev/rmt0]                                                              
  SHRINK the filesystems?                             no                                                                         
  Recreate logical volumes and filesystems only?      no                                                                         
  PHYSICAL VOLUME names                              [hdisk1]                                                                          
     (Leave blank to use the PHYSICAL VOLUMES listed
      in the vgname.data file in the backup image)
  Use existing MAP files?                             yes                                                                        
  Physical partition SIZE in megabytes               []                                                                          
     (Leave blank to have the SIZE determined
      based on disk size)
  Number of BLOCKS to read in a single input         []                                                                           
     (Leave blank to use a system default)
  Alternate vg.data file                             []                                                                           
     (Leave blank to use vg.data stored in
      backup image)
 
  

 

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Command: OK            stdout: yes           stderr: no
Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.
Will create the Volume Group:   testvg
Target Disks:   hdisk1
Allocation Policy:
        Shrink Filesystems:     no
        Preserve Physical Partitions for each Logical Volume:   no
testvg
test_lv
loglv00
New volume on /dev/rmt0:
Cluster size is 51200 bytes (100 blocks).
The volume number is 1.
The backup date is: Fri Mar 12 22:00:32 KORST 2021
Files are backed up by name.
The user is root.
x           11 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/image.info
x          127 ./tmp/vgdata/vgdata.files7602182
x          127 ./tmp/vgdata/vgdata.files
x         2301 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/filesystems
x         2587 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/testvg.data
x          358 ./tmp/vgdata/testvg/backup.data
x            0 ./nim_backup
x            8 ./nim_backup/backup_vg_test
x            0 ./nim_backup/lost+found
The total size is 5519 bytes.
The number of restored files is 9.
 
  

 

  2) 복구 확인

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[backup:root] /] lsvg -o
testvg
rootvg
 
[backup:root] /] df -gP
Filesystem    GB blocks      Used Available Capacity Mounted on
/dev/hd4           1.00      0.36      0.64      37% /
/dev/hd2           5.00      3.01      1.99      61% /usr
/dev/hd9var        0.41      0.26      0.15      64% /var
/dev/hd3           1.00      0.00      1.00       1% /tmp
/dev/hd1          10.00      0.23      9.77       3% /home
/proc                 -         -         -       - /proc
/dev/livedump      0.25      0.00      0.25       1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/test_lv       1.00      0.00      1.00       1% /nim_backup
 
[backup:root] /] ls -lrt /nim_backup/backup_vg_test 
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system            8 Mar 07 11:35 /nim_backup/backup_vg_test
 
[backup:root] /] cat /nim_backup/backup_vg_test    
save me
 
  
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